| 01 | Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM/FFF) | Approximately 200 × 200 × 200 mm to 1,000 × 1,000 × 1,000 mm | 50–500 μm | PLA ABS PETG Nylon PEEK | Functional prototypes, fixtures, tooling and low-volume parts | Heated build platforms, dual extrusion, enclosed chambers and high-temperature material systems | Engineering, education, automotive, consumer products and manufacturing |
| 02 | Stereolithography (SLA) | Approximately 145 × 145 × 175 mm to 800 × 800 × 550 mm | 25–100 μm | Standard Resin Tough Resin Castable Resin Dental Resin | High-detail prototypes, patterns, dental models and small-batch components | Laser-cured photopolymer resin, smooth surfaces, fine features and high dimensional detail | Dental, jewelry, healthcare, electronics and product design |
| 03 | Digital Light Processing (DLP) | Approximately 100 × 60 × 150 mm to 450 × 250 × 400 mm | 25–100 μm | Photopolymer Resin Ceramic-Filled Resin Castable Resin | Rapid production of detailed parts and repeatable small-batch manufacturing | Projector-based layer exposure, fast layer curing and consistent feature reproduction | Dental, hearing devices, jewelry, industrial design and medical modeling |
| 04 | Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) | Approximately 300 × 300 × 300 mm to 750 × 550 × 550 mm | 60–150 μm | PA12 PA11 TPU Glass-Filled Nylon | Durable end-use parts, complex geometries and production-grade prototypes | Powder-bed processing without support structures, nesting efficiency and internal-channel capability | Automotive, aerospace, healthcare, robotics and consumer products |
| 05 | Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) | Approximately 380 × 284 × 380 mm to 1,000 × 1,000 × 1,000 mm | Approximately 80 μm | PA12 PA11 PA12 Glass Bead TPU | Series production, functional parts and customized components | Fusing and detailing agents, high part nesting density and consistent mechanical properties | Industrial manufacturing, automotive, healthcare, electronics and consumer goods |
| 06 | Metal Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF/SLM) | Approximately 100 × 100 × 100 mm to 500 × 500 × 500 mm | 20–60 μm | Stainless Steel Aluminum Titanium Nickel Alloys | Complex metal components, lightweight structures and certified production parts | One or more lasers, inert-gas atmosphere, support optimization and closed-loop melt-pool monitoring | Aerospace, medical implants, automotive, energy and tooling |
| 07 | Electron Beam Melting (EBM) | Approximately 200 × 200 × 180 mm to 500 × 500 × 500 mm | 50–100 μm | Titanium Alloys Cobalt-Chrome Nickel Alloys | Large, dense metal parts requiring reduced residual stress | Electron-beam heat source, vacuum environment, elevated powder-bed temperature and preheating | Aerospace, orthopedic implants, energy and high-performance engineering |
| 08 | Metal Binder Jetting | Approximately 100 × 100 × 100 mm to 430 × 320 × 200 mm | 70–150 μm | Stainless Steel Tool Steel Copper Iron-Based Alloys | High-throughput production of small and medium metal parts | Binder deposition onto powder, batch processing, followed by debinding and sintering | Automotive, industrial equipment, consumer products and tooling |
| 09 | Material Jetting | Approximately 490 × 390 × 200 mm to 1,000 × 800 × 500 mm | 16–32 μm | Rigid Photopolymer Flexible Photopolymer Transparent Resin Digital Materials | Full-color prototypes, multi-material models and visual product validation | Inkjet-style deposition, UV curing, multi-material printing and smooth surface finishing | Consumer products, packaging, healthcare, education and design studios |
| 10 | Large-Format Pellet Extrusion | Approximately 1,000 × 1,000 × 1,000 mm to several cubic meters | 0.5–5 mm | ABS Pellets PETG Pellets Recycled Polymers Fiber-Reinforced Polymers | Large prototypes, molds, patterns, architectural forms and tooling | Lower-cost pellet feedstock, high deposition rates, robotic motion systems and large heated build areas | Marine, construction, architecture, automotive, aerospace and industrial tooling |