| Core Function | A smart lock is an electronic locking device that can verify authorized users and control the lock without relying only on a traditional key. | The app sends an authenticated command to lock or unlock the device through a supported wireless connection. | The existing door, latch, and cylinder must be compatible with the lock installation. |
| User Authentication | Authentication confirms that a person or device has permission to operate the lock. | The app typically uses an account, a digital key, or another approved credential before allowing access. | Access credentials should be assigned only to trusted users and removed when no longer needed. |
| Access Methods | Common methods include mobile credentials, PIN codes, fingerprints, cards, physical keys, or combinations of these methods. | The app can create, manage, activate, or revoke supported digital access methods. | Available methods depend on the lock model and its installed hardware. |
| Bluetooth Connection | Bluetooth Low Energy can provide short-range communication between a nearby smartphone and the lock. | When the phone is within range, the app can connect locally and transmit a lock or unlock request. | Local operation may not work when the phone is too far away or Bluetooth is disabled. |
| Remote Access | Remote control allows communication with the lock over the internet through an additional network-connected gateway. | The app sends the request to the online service, which passes it to the gateway and then to the lock. | Remote features require compatible hardware, a working internet connection, and correctly configured permissions. |
| Temporary Permissions | Temporary permissions limit access to a defined period or schedule. | The app can issue time-limited digital keys or PIN codes for guests, service providers, or short-term occupants. | The device clock and app settings must remain accurate for scheduled access to work as intended. |
| Activity Records | An activity record can show events such as unlocking, locking, failed attempts, or permission changes. | The app may display event times and the credential or user associated with each recorded action. | Records may be limited by device memory, synchronization status, or the specific lock configuration. |
| Lock Status | The system can report whether the lock is locked, unlocked, connecting, or unavailable. | The app requests the current state and updates the interface after receiving a response from the lock. | A displayed status may be delayed if the phone, gateway, or lock is offline. |
| Power Supply | Many electronic locks use batteries, while some installations use a wired power source or an optional backup supply. | The app can display a low-battery warning when the lock reports that its remaining power is reduced. | Batteries should be replaced promptly, and a mechanical or emergency backup method should remain available. |
| Security Controls | Security controls may include encrypted communication, authenticated commands, credential management, and account protection. | The app verifies the user account and applies permission rules before sending an operation request. | Use strong account passwords, keep software updated, and avoid sharing personal credentials. |
| Manual Override | A physical key, emergency power contact, interior thumb turn, or another mechanical method can provide access if electronics are unavailable. | The app is not required when a supported manual or emergency access method is used. | Users should understand the backup procedure before relying on app-based access. |